Racism in Contemporary Germany: Islamophobia in East and West

Edited By Ivan Kalmar, and Nitzan Shoshan

Publisher: Routledge

Publication Date: January 29, 2024

ISBN: 9781032260617

This book presents a critical and empirically informed examination of Islamophobia and related issues of racism and nationalism in Germany today, with particular attention to the East/West distinction. The authors, representing several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, and media and literary studies, situate the topic in the global and German context of the 2015-16 “migration crisis” and its aftermath, and of the ongoing transformations seen in the post-socialist regions of the European Union.

Since the 2015-16 “refugee crisis,” illiberal leaders and parties within Europe have instrumentalized Islamophobia in an attempt to dislodge the traditional political elites. Strikingly, such illiberal movements have been most successful in the formerly socialist areas of the EU. This is mirrored within Germany itself, where political formations with an Islamophobic agenda remain more popular in the East than in the West. This volume examines the reasons for this difference, including not only the ideological heritage of Soviet-dominated socialism but also the effects of western interventions in the formerly socialist areas in and beyond Germany since the end of the Cold War. Some Islamophobic and other hateful tendencies were in fact introduced from, and continue to prosper also, in the West.

The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Contemporary European Studies.

Table of Contents

Preface
Introduction: Islamophobia in Germany, East/West
1. The east is just like the west, only more so: Islamophobia and populism in Eastern Germany and the East of the European Union
2. Building a new nation: anti-Muslim racism in post-unification Germany
3. Islamophobia East-West and the politics of hospitality in contemporary Germany
4. Gendered identities and German Islamophobias
5. ‘The burqa is not us (wir sind nicht burka)’: strategic Islamophobia and the mainstreaming of nativist appeals
6. Islamophobia and anti-Muslim feeling in Saxony – theoretical approaches and empirical findings based on population surveys

About the Editors

• Ivan Kalmar is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Toronto. Over his career, much of his work has focused on the image of Jews and Muslims in western cultural history. He is the author of Early Orientalism: Imagined Islam and the Notion of Sublime Power (Routledge) and co-editor of the volume, Orientalism and the Jews. More recently, Kalmar’s work has focused on illiberalism in the European Union, and especially in Central Europe. He has guest-edited a special issue of Patterns of Prejudice, dealing with Islamophobia in the East of the European Union, and a special issue on Islamophobia in Germany: East/West, for the Journal of Contemporary European Studies. His latest book is White But Not Quite: Central Europe’s Illiberal Revolt (2022). A special issue on Race and the East of the European Union, co-edited by Kalmar, is scheduled to be published by the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies in the spring of 2022.
• Nitzan Shoshan is Professor of Anthropology in the Centro de Estudios Sociológicos at El Colegio de México. His prize-winning book, The Management of Hate: Nation, Affect, and the Governance of Right-Wing Extremism in Germany (2016) is an ethnographic study of young right-wing extremist groups in East Berlin. He has guest-edited a special issue of Anthropological Quarterly on post-Fordist Affect and a special issue of the Journal of Contemporary European Studies on Islamophobia in Germany: East/West. His work has focused on nationalism and the far right in Germany and Europe. He has also written on urban marginality in Mexico and on the ethics of ethnographic fieldwork.

Source: Routledge

Authors: Amílcar Antonio Barreto and Omar K. Sindi

Published in: Culture and Religion

Publisher: Routledge

Publication Date: November 2, 2022

Scholars debate elites’ capacity to shape the parameters of national belonging. Hard constructivists believe elites have tremendous leverage, while soft constructivists caution that elites face severe constraints in this process. We address this debate in our study of Muslim Americans. Recently political elites tried to integrate Muslim Americans by expanding an inscriptive interpretation of American identity: from WASP (White Anglo-Saxon Protestant), to white Christian, to pan-Abrahamic. This attempted incorporation was met by a potent wave of Islamophobia after 11 September 2001. One consequence of this rejection was an increasing number of Muslim Americans identifying themselves as, and being perceived by others as, people of color. Elites underestimated deeply-entrenched beliefs that resist expanding American-ness beyond white Christians. They face fewer constraints integrating new groups into the non-white category. We contend the debate over hard and soft construction must be circumscribed by the particular aspects or features elites are attempting to objectify.

Source: Taylor and Francis Online

Call for Proposals

Application Deadline: May 16, 2018

The special program “Islam, the Modern Nation State and Transnational Movements” is aimed at researchers who, with an eye to current developments, are examining the emergence of political movements in the Islamic world at the national and/or transnational level. Historical studies are encouraged and supported, together with projects in the areas of religious, cultural or political science: What emancipatory, what modern elements does political Islam promise and integrate? What developments, what connections, what similarities in the key categories, interpretations and claims are to be drawn between pan-Arabism and pan-Islamism at the close of the 19th century and the movements of today? What historical self-descriptions are recognizable in the concepts? Via what specific ideas of communalization can social radicalization and mobilization for violence be legitimized?

The special program takes a look at the dynamics between Islamic teachings, Islamism, nationalism and transnational orientations and environments. Scientific discussion of the countries and regions of the Islamic world should bring together expertise possessing regional and thematic focus in order to allow the problems associated with areas of conflict to be expounded upon, particularly with regard to global influences and processes of cultural exchange.

Proposals will be supported that address the particularities and contexts of cultural and historical environments and relationships. The projects’ deliverables should be able to make a contribution to diverse and expert discussions in public and political circles.

Applications are invited for funding research scholarships and research projects. PhD scholarships are only granted in connection with a research project. The next application deadline is 16 May 2018.

The Individual Research Areas

1. Historical and present day Islamic systems of society and state

2. The concept of nation, national movements and nationalism in Islamic civilization

3. Islamic fundamentalism or Islamic emancipation?

4. Transnational civil society movements in the Islamic world

5. Islamic states in the international world system

Project Manager

• Thomas Podranski, M.A. (podranski@gerda-henkel-stiftung.de)

Source: https://www.gerda-henkel-stiftung.de/